Executed design of the portal figures and the coat of arms cartouche, 1617 by Christoph Jamnitzer.

___________ Background: Joachim Toppmann, a single sculptor from Magdeburg, and Jörg Müller Rosa in Alsace, his apprentice, were initially commissioned by the council to create the pictorial decoration above the upper gate. They began working on it on May 13, 1616. On September 26, the first stone figure on the right side of the portal with the imperial eagle in its right hand was raised using the two crane hoists Rolla and Säusack. They were made of coarse sandstone and each weighed around 30 hundredweight. But they did not meet with the approval of the expert artists; they were instead found to be "somewhat defective." Toppmann offered to improve them, but had to be specifically encouraged to do so by the council. As late as April 3, 1617, Christoph Jamnitzer's advice was sought as to whether and what form the figures above the upper gate should take. Christoph Jamnitzer, from the famous goldsmith family of that name, a goldsmith himself but also notable as a draftsman and etcher, was repeatedly called in as an expert on technical issues relating to the construction of the town hall. He was responsible for the designs for the pictorial decoration of the middle portal, the virtues Prudentia and Justitia and above them the pelican. He submitted the design in October 1616, which was approved. The town hall in Nuremberg, Ernst Mummenhoff, 1891, p. 134

__________________ After Joachim Toppmann left, Leonhard Kern created the figural decoration of the north and south portals based on a design by Christoph Jamnitzer.

__________________ The figures that can be seen today are copies by Georg Leistner 1889

Executed design of the portal figures and the coat of arms cartouche, 1617 by Christoph Jamnitzer.

___________ Background: Joachim Toppmann, a single sculptor from Magdeburg, and Jörg Müller Rosa in Alsace, his apprentice, were initially commissioned by the council to create the pictorial decoration above the upper gate. They began working on it on May 13, 1616. On September 26, the first stone figure on the right side of the portal with the imperial eagle in its right hand was raised using the two crane hoists Rolla and Säusack. They were made of coarse sandstone and each weighed around 30 hundredweight. But they did not meet with the approval of the expert artists; they were instead found to be "somewhat defective." Toppmann offered to improve them, but had to be specifically encouraged to do so by the council. As late as April 3, 1617, Christoph Jamnitzer's advice was sought as to whether and what form the figures above the upper gate should take. Christoph Jamnitzer, from the famous goldsmith family of that name, a goldsmith himself but also notable as a draftsman and etcher, was repeatedly called in as an expert on technical issues relating to the construction of the town hall. He was responsible for the designs for the pictorial decoration of the middle portal, the virtues Prudentia and Justitia and above them the pelican. He submitted the design in October 1616, which was approved. The town hall in Nuremberg, Ernst Mummenhoff, 1891, p. 134

__________________ After Joachim Toppmann left, Leonhard Kern created the figural decoration of the north and south portals based on a design by Christoph Jamnitzer.

__________________ The figures that can be seen today are copies by Georg Leistner 1889

Executed design of the portal figures and the coat of arms cartouche, 1617 by Christoph Jamnitzer.

___________ Background: Joachim Toppmann, a single sculptor from Magdeburg, and Jörg Müller Rosa in Alsace, his apprentice, were initially commissioned by the council to create the pictorial decoration above the upper gate. They began working on it on May 13, 1616. On September 26, the first stone figure on the right side of the portal with the imperial eagle in its right hand was raised using the two crane hoists Rolla and Säusack. They were made of coarse sandstone and each weighed around 30 hundredweight. But they did not meet with the approval of the expert artists; they were instead found to be "somewhat defective." Toppmann offered to improve them, but had to be specifically encouraged to do so by the council. As late as April 3, 1617, Christoph Jamnitzer's advice was sought as to whether and what form the figures above the upper gate should take. Christoph Jamnitzer, from the famous goldsmith family of that name, a goldsmith himself but also notable as a draftsman and etcher, was repeatedly called in as an expert on technical issues relating to the construction of the town hall. He was responsible for the designs for the pictorial decoration of the middle portal, the virtues Prudentia and Justitia and above them the pelican. He submitted the design in October 1616, which was approved. The town hall in Nuremberg, Ernst Mummenhoff, 1891, p. 134

__________________ After Joachim Toppmann left, Leonhard Kern created the figural decoration of the north and south portals based on a design by Christoph Jamnitzer.

__________________ The figures that can be seen today are copies by Georg Leistner 1889

Executed design of the portal figures and the coat of arms cartouche, 1617 by Christoph Jamnitzer.

___________ Background: Joachim Toppmann, a single sculptor from Magdeburg, and Jörg Müller Rosa in Alsace, his apprentice, were initially commissioned by the council to create the pictorial decoration above the upper gate. They began working on it on May 13, 1616. On September 26, the first stone figure on the right side of the portal with the imperial eagle in its right hand was raised using the two crane hoists Rolla and Säusack. They were made of coarse sandstone and each weighed around 30 hundredweight. But they did not meet with the approval of the expert artists; they were instead found to be "somewhat defective." Toppmann offered to improve them, but had to be specifically encouraged to do so by the council. As late as April 3, 1617, Christoph Jamnitzer's advice was sought as to whether and what form the figures above the upper gate should take. Christoph Jamnitzer, from the famous goldsmith family of that name, a goldsmith himself but also notable as a draftsman and etcher, was repeatedly called in as an expert on technical issues relating to the construction of the town hall. He was responsible for the designs for the pictorial decoration of the middle portal, the virtues Prudentia and Justitia and above them the pelican. He submitted the design in October 1616, which was approved. The town hall in Nuremberg, Ernst Mummenhoff, 1891, p. 134

__________________ After Joachim Toppmann left, Leonhard Kern created the figural decoration of the north and south portals based on a design by Christoph Jamnitzer.

__________________ The figures that can be seen today are copies by Georg Leistner 1889

Executed design of the portal figures and the coat of arms cartouche, 1617 by Christoph Jamnitzer.

___________ Background: Joachim Toppmann, a single sculptor from Magdeburg, and Jörg Müller Rosa in Alsace, his apprentice, were initially commissioned by the council to create the pictorial decoration above the upper gate. They began working on it on May 13, 1616. On September 26, the first stone figure on the right side of the portal with the imperial eagle in its right hand was raised using the two crane hoists Rolla and Säusack. They were made of coarse sandstone and each weighed around 30 hundredweight. But they did not meet with the approval of the expert artists; they were instead found to be "somewhat defective." Toppmann offered to improve them, but had to be specifically encouraged to do so by the council. As late as April 3, 1617, Christoph Jamnitzer's advice was sought as to whether and what form the figures above the upper gate should take. Christoph Jamnitzer, from the famous goldsmith family of that name, a goldsmith himself but also notable as a draftsman and etcher, was repeatedly called in as an expert on technical issues relating to the construction of the town hall. He was responsible for the designs for the pictorial decoration of the middle portal, the virtues Prudentia and Justitia and above them the pelican. He submitted the design in October 1616, which was approved. The town hall in Nuremberg, Ernst Mummenhoff, 1891, p. 134

__________________ After Joachim Toppmann left, Leonhard Kern created the figural decoration of the north and south portals based on a design by Christoph Jamnitzer.

__________________ The figures that can be seen today are copies by Georg Leistner 1889

Executed design of the portal figures and the coat of arms cartouche, 1617 by Christoph Jamnitzer.

___________ Background: Joachim Toppmann, a single sculptor from Magdeburg, and Jörg Müller Rosa in Alsace, his apprentice, were initially commissioned by the council to create the pictorial decoration above the upper gate. They began working on it on May 13, 1616. On September 26, the first stone figure on the right side of the portal with the imperial eagle in its right hand was raised using the two crane hoists Rolla and Säusack. They were made of coarse sandstone and each weighed around 30 hundredweight. But they did not meet with the approval of the expert artists; they were instead found to be "somewhat defective." Toppmann offered to improve them, but had to be specifically encouraged to do so by the council. As late as April 3, 1617, Christoph Jamnitzer's advice was sought as to whether and what form the figures above the upper gate should take. Christoph Jamnitzer, from the famous goldsmith family of that name, a goldsmith himself but also notable as a draftsman and etcher, was repeatedly called in as an expert on technical issues relating to the construction of the town hall. He was responsible for the designs for the pictorial decoration of the middle portal, the virtues Prudentia and Justitia and above them the pelican. He submitted the design in October 1616, which was approved. The town hall in Nuremberg, Ernst Mummenhoff, 1891, p. 134

__________________ After Joachim Toppmann left, Leonhard Kern created the figural decoration of the north and south portals based on a design by Christoph Jamnitzer.

__________________ The figures that can be seen today are copies by Georg Leistner 1889

Executed design of the portal figures and the coat of arms cartouche, 1617 by Christoph Jamnitzer.

___________ Background: Joachim Toppmann, a single sculptor from Magdeburg, and Jörg Müller Rosa in Alsace, his apprentice, were initially commissioned by the council to create the pictorial decoration above the upper gate. They began working on it on May 13, 1616. On September 26, the first stone figure on the right side of the portal with the imperial eagle in its right hand was raised using the two crane hoists Rolla and Säusack. They were made of coarse sandstone and each weighed around 30 hundredweight. But they did not meet with the approval of the expert artists; they were instead found to be "somewhat defective." Toppmann offered to improve them, but had to be specifically encouraged to do so by the council. As late as April 3, 1617, Christoph Jamnitzer's advice was sought as to whether and what form the figures above the upper gate should take. Christoph Jamnitzer, from the famous goldsmith family of that name, a goldsmith himself but also notable as a draftsman and etcher, was repeatedly called in as an expert on technical issues relating to the construction of the town hall. He was responsible for the designs for the pictorial decoration of the middle portal, the virtues Prudentia and Justitia and above them the pelican. He submitted the design in October 1616, which was approved. The town hall in Nuremberg, Ernst Mummenhoff, 1891, p. 134

__________________ After Joachim Toppmann left, Leonhard Kern created the figural decoration of the north and south portals based on a design by Christoph Jamnitzer.

__________________ The figures that can be seen today are copies by Georg Leistner 1889

Executed design of the portal figures and the coat of arms cartouche, 1617 by Christoph Jamnitzer.

___________ Background: Joachim Toppmann, a single sculptor from Magdeburg, and Jörg Müller Rosa in Alsace, his apprentice, were initially commissioned by the council to create the pictorial decoration above the upper gate. They began working on it on May 13, 1616. On September 26, the first stone figure on the right side of the portal with the imperial eagle in its right hand was raised using the two crane hoists Rolla and Säusack. They were made of coarse sandstone and each weighed around 30 hundredweight. But they did not meet with the approval of the expert artists; they were instead found to be "somewhat defective." Toppmann offered to improve them, but had to be specifically encouraged to do so by the council. As late as April 3, 1617, Christoph Jamnitzer's advice was sought as to whether and what form the figures above the upper gate should take. Christoph Jamnitzer, from the famous goldsmith family of that name, a goldsmith himself but also notable as a draftsman and etcher, was repeatedly called in as an expert on technical issues relating to the construction of the town hall. He was responsible for the designs for the pictorial decoration of the middle portal, the virtues Prudentia and Justitia and above them the pelican. He submitted the design in October 1616, which was approved. The town hall in Nuremberg, Ernst Mummenhoff, 1891, p. 134

__________________ After Joachim Toppmann left, Leonhard Kern created the figural decoration of the north and south portals based on a design by Christoph Jamnitzer.

__________________ The figures that can be seen today are copies by Georg Leistner 1889

Executed design of the portal figures and the coat of arms cartouche, 1617 by Christoph Jamnitzer.

___________ Background: Joachim Toppmann, a single sculptor from Magdeburg, and Jörg Müller Rosa in Alsace, his apprentice, were initially commissioned by the council to create the pictorial decoration above the upper gate. They began working on it on May 13, 1616. On September 26, the first stone figure on the right side of the portal with the imperial eagle in its right hand was raised using the two crane hoists Rolla and Säusack. They were made of coarse sandstone and each weighed around 30 hundredweight. But they did not meet with the approval of the expert artists; they were instead found to be "somewhat defective." Toppmann offered to improve them, but had to be specifically encouraged to do so by the council. As late as April 3, 1617, Christoph Jamnitzer's advice was sought as to whether and what form the figures above the upper gate should take. Christoph Jamnitzer, from the famous goldsmith family of that name, a goldsmith himself but also notable as a draftsman and etcher, was repeatedly called in as an expert on technical issues relating to the construction of the town hall. He was responsible for the designs for the pictorial decoration of the middle portal, the virtues Prudentia and Justitia and above them the pelican. He submitted the design in October 1616, which was approved. The town hall in Nuremberg, Ernst Mummenhoff, 1891, p. 134

__________________ After Joachim Toppmann left, Leonhard Kern created the figural decoration of the north and south portals based on a design by Christoph Jamnitzer.

__________________ The figures that can be seen today are copies by Georg Leistner 1889

Executed design of the portal figures and the coat of arms cartouche, 1617 by Christoph Jamnitzer.

___________ Background: Joachim Toppmann, a single sculptor from Magdeburg, and Jörg Müller Rosa in Alsace, his apprentice, were initially commissioned by the council to create the pictorial decoration above the upper gate. They began working on it on May 13, 1616. On September 26, the first stone figure on the right side of the portal with the imperial eagle in its right hand was raised using the two crane hoists Rolla and Säusack. They were made of coarse sandstone and each weighed around 30 hundredweight. But they did not meet with the approval of the expert artists; they were instead found to be "somewhat defective." Toppmann offered to improve them, but had to be specifically encouraged to do so by the council. As late as April 3, 1617, Christoph Jamnitzer's advice was sought as to whether and what form the figures above the upper gate should take. Christoph Jamnitzer, from the famous goldsmith family of that name, a goldsmith himself but also notable as a draftsman and etcher, was repeatedly called in as an expert on technical issues relating to the construction of the town hall. He was responsible for the designs for the pictorial decoration of the middle portal, the virtues Prudentia and Justitia and above them the pelican. He submitted the design in October 1616, which was approved. The town hall in Nuremberg, Ernst Mummenhoff, 1891, p. 134

__________________ After Joachim Toppmann left, Leonhard Kern created the figural decoration of the north and south portals based on a design by Christoph Jamnitzer.

__________________ The figures that can be seen today are copies by Georg Leistner 1889

Executed design of the portal figures and the coat of arms cartouche, 1617 by Christoph Jamnitzer.

___________ Background: Joachim Toppmann, a single sculptor from Magdeburg, and Jörg Müller Rosa in Alsace, his apprentice, were initially commissioned by the council to create the pictorial decoration above the upper gate. They began working on it on May 13, 1616. On September 26, the first stone figure on the right side of the portal with the imperial eagle in its right hand was raised using the two crane hoists Rolla and Säusack. They were made of coarse sandstone and each weighed around 30 hundredweight. But they did not meet with the approval of the expert artists; they were instead found to be "somewhat defective." Toppmann offered to improve them, but had to be specifically encouraged to do so by the council. As late as April 3, 1617, Christoph Jamnitzer's advice was sought as to whether and what form the figures above the upper gate should take. Christoph Jamnitzer, from the famous goldsmith family of that name, a goldsmith himself but also notable as a draftsman and etcher, was repeatedly called in as an expert on technical issues relating to the construction of the town hall. He was responsible for the designs for the pictorial decoration of the middle portal, the virtues Prudentia and Justitia and above them the pelican. He submitted the design in October 1616, which was approved. The town hall in Nuremberg, Ernst Mummenhoff, 1891, p. 134

__________________ After Joachim Toppmann left, Leonhard Kern created the figural decoration of the north and south portals based on a design by Christoph Jamnitzer.

__________________ The figures that can be seen today are copies by Georg Leistner 1889

Executed design of the portal figures and the coat of arms cartouche, 1617 by Christoph Jamnitzer.

___________ Background: Joachim Toppmann, a single sculptor from Magdeburg, and Jörg Müller Rosa in Alsace, his apprentice, were initially commissioned by the council to create the pictorial decoration above the upper gate. They began working on it on May 13, 1616. On September 26, the first stone figure on the right side of the portal with the imperial eagle in its right hand was raised using the two crane hoists Rolla and Säusack. They were made of coarse sandstone and each weighed around 30 hundredweight. But they did not meet with the approval of the expert artists; they were instead found to be "somewhat defective." Toppmann offered to improve them, but had to be specifically encouraged to do so by the council. As late as April 3, 1617, Christoph Jamnitzer's advice was sought as to whether and what form the figures above the upper gate should take. Christoph Jamnitzer, from the famous goldsmith family of that name, a goldsmith himself but also notable as a draftsman and etcher, was repeatedly called in as an expert on technical issues relating to the construction of the town hall. He was responsible for the designs for the pictorial decoration of the middle portal, the virtues Prudentia and Justitia and above them the pelican. He submitted the design in October 1616, which was approved. The town hall in Nuremberg, Ernst Mummenhoff, 1891, p. 134

__________________ After Joachim Toppmann left, Leonhard Kern created the figural decoration of the north and south portals based on a design by Christoph Jamnitzer.

__________________ The figures that can be seen today are copies by Georg Leistner 1889

Executed design of the portal figures and the coat of arms cartouche, 1617 by Christoph Jamnitzer.

___________ Background: Joachim Toppmann, a single sculptor from Magdeburg, and Jörg Müller Rosa in Alsace, his apprentice, were initially commissioned by the council to create the pictorial decoration above the upper gate. They began working on it on May 13, 1616. On September 26, the first stone figure on the right side of the portal with the imperial eagle in its right hand was raised using the two crane hoists Rolla and Säusack. They were made of coarse sandstone and each weighed around 30 hundredweight. But they did not meet with the approval of the expert artists; they were instead found to be "somewhat defective." Toppmann offered to improve them, but had to be specifically encouraged to do so by the council. As late as April 3, 1617, Christoph Jamnitzer's advice was sought as to whether and what form the figures above the upper gate should take. Christoph Jamnitzer, from the famous goldsmith family of that name, a goldsmith himself but also notable as a draftsman and etcher, was repeatedly called in as an expert on technical issues relating to the construction of the town hall. He was responsible for the designs for the pictorial decoration of the middle portal, the virtues Prudentia and Justitia and above them the pelican. He submitted the design in October 1616, which was approved. The town hall in Nuremberg, Ernst Mummenhoff, 1891, p. 134

__________________ After Joachim Toppmann left, Leonhard Kern created the figural decoration of the north and south portals based on a design by Christoph Jamnitzer.

__________________ The figures that can be seen today are copies by Georg Leistner 1889

Executed design of the portal figures and the coat of arms cartouche, 1617 by Christoph Jamnitzer.

___________ Background: Joachim Toppmann, a single sculptor from Magdeburg, and Jörg Müller Rosa in Alsace, his apprentice, were initially commissioned by the council to create the pictorial decoration above the upper gate. They began working on it on May 13, 1616. On September 26, the first stone figure on the right side of the portal with the imperial eagle in its right hand was raised using the two crane hoists Rolla and Säusack. They were made of coarse sandstone and each weighed around 30 hundredweight. But they did not meet with the approval of the expert artists; they were instead found to be "somewhat defective." Toppmann offered to improve them, but had to be specifically encouraged to do so by the council. As late as April 3, 1617, Christoph Jamnitzer's advice was sought as to whether and what form the figures above the upper gate should take. Christoph Jamnitzer, from the famous goldsmith family of that name, a goldsmith himself but also notable as a draftsman and etcher, was repeatedly called in as an expert on technical issues relating to the construction of the town hall. He was responsible for the designs for the pictorial decoration of the middle portal, the virtues Prudentia and Justitia and above them the pelican. He submitted the design in October 1616, which was approved. The town hall in Nuremberg, Ernst Mummenhoff, 1891, p. 134

__________________ After Joachim Toppmann left, Leonhard Kern created the figural decoration of the north and south portals based on a design by Christoph Jamnitzer.

__________________ The figures that can be seen today are copies by Georg Leistner 1889

Executed design of the portal figures and the coat of arms cartouche, 1617 by Christoph Jamnitzer.

___________ Background: Joachim Toppmann, a single sculptor from Magdeburg, and Jörg Müller Rosa in Alsace, his apprentice, were initially commissioned by the council to create the pictorial decoration above the upper gate. They began working on it on May 13, 1616. On September 26, the first stone figure on the right side of the portal with the imperial eagle in its right hand was raised using the two crane hoists Rolla and Säusack. They were made of coarse sandstone and each weighed around 30 hundredweight. But they did not meet with the approval of the expert artists; they were instead found to be "somewhat defective." Toppmann offered to improve them, but had to be specifically encouraged to do so by the council. As late as April 3, 1617, Christoph Jamnitzer's advice was sought as to whether and what form the figures above the upper gate should take. Christoph Jamnitzer, from the famous goldsmith family of that name, a goldsmith himself but also notable as a draftsman and etcher, was repeatedly called in as an expert on technical issues relating to the construction of the town hall. He was responsible for the designs for the pictorial decoration of the middle portal, the virtues Prudentia and Justitia and above them the pelican. He submitted the design in October 1616, which was approved. The town hall in Nuremberg, Ernst Mummenhoff, 1891, p. 134

__________________ After Joachim Toppmann left, Leonhard Kern created the figural decoration of the north and south portals based on a design by Christoph Jamnitzer.

__________________ The figures that can be seen today are copies by Georg Leistner 1889

Executed design of the portal figures and the coat of arms cartouche, 1617 by Christoph Jamnitzer.

___________ Background: Joachim Toppmann, a single sculptor from Magdeburg, and Jörg Müller Rosa in Alsace, his apprentice, were initially commissioned by the council to create the pictorial decoration above the upper gate. They began working on it on May 13, 1616. On September 26, the first stone figure on the right side of the portal with the imperial eagle in its right hand was raised using the two crane hoists Rolla and Säusack. They were made of coarse sandstone and each weighed around 30 hundredweight. But they did not meet with the approval of the expert artists; they were instead found to be "somewhat defective." Toppmann offered to improve them, but had to be specifically encouraged to do so by the council. As late as April 3, 1617, Christoph Jamnitzer's advice was sought as to whether and what form the figures above the upper gate should take. Christoph Jamnitzer, from the famous goldsmith family of that name, a goldsmith himself but also notable as a draftsman and etcher, was repeatedly called in as an expert on technical issues relating to the construction of the town hall. He was responsible for the designs for the pictorial decoration of the middle portal, the virtues Prudentia and Justitia and above them the pelican. He submitted the design in October 1616, which was approved. The town hall in Nuremberg, Ernst Mummenhoff, 1891, p. 134

__________________ After Joachim Toppmann left, Leonhard Kern created the figural decoration of the north and south portals based on a design by Christoph Jamnitzer.

__________________ The figures that can be seen today are copies by Georg Leistner 1889

Executed design of the portal figures and the coat of arms cartouche, 1617 by Christoph Jamnitzer.

___________ Background: Joachim Toppmann, a single sculptor from Magdeburg, and Jörg Müller Rosa in Alsace, his apprentice, were initially commissioned by the council to create the pictorial decoration above the upper gate. They began working on it on May 13, 1616. On September 26, the first stone figure on the right side of the portal with the imperial eagle in its right hand was raised using the two crane hoists Rolla and Säusack. They were made of coarse sandstone and each weighed around 30 hundredweight. But they did not meet with the approval of the expert artists; they were instead found to be "somewhat defective." Toppmann offered to improve them, but had to be specifically encouraged to do so by the council. As late as April 3, 1617, Christoph Jamnitzer's advice was sought as to whether and what form the figures above the upper gate should take. Christoph Jamnitzer, from the famous goldsmith family of that name, a goldsmith himself but also notable as a draftsman and etcher, was repeatedly called in as an expert on technical issues relating to the construction of the town hall. He was responsible for the designs for the pictorial decoration of the middle portal, the virtues Prudentia and Justitia and above them the pelican. He submitted the design in October 1616, which was approved. The town hall in Nuremberg, Ernst Mummenhoff, 1891, p. 134

__________________ After Joachim Toppmann left, Leonhard Kern created the figural decoration of the north and south portals based on a design by Christoph Jamnitzer.

__________________ The figures that can be seen today are copies by Georg Leistner 1889

Executed design of the portal figures and the coat of arms cartouche, 1617 by Christoph Jamnitzer.

___________ Background: Joachim Toppmann, a single sculptor from Magdeburg, and Jörg Müller Rosa in Alsace, his apprentice, were initially commissioned by the council to create the pictorial decoration above the upper gate. They began working on it on May 13, 1616. On September 26, the first stone figure on the right side of the portal with the imperial eagle in its right hand was raised using the two crane hoists Rolla and Säusack. They were made of coarse sandstone and each weighed around 30 hundredweight. But they did not meet with the approval of the expert artists; they were instead found to be "somewhat defective." Toppmann offered to improve them, but had to be specifically encouraged to do so by the council. As late as April 3, 1617, Christoph Jamnitzer's advice was sought as to whether and what form the figures above the upper gate should take. Christoph Jamnitzer, from the famous goldsmith family of that name, a goldsmith himself but also notable as a draftsman and etcher, was repeatedly called in as an expert on technical issues relating to the construction of the town hall. He was responsible for the designs for the pictorial decoration of the middle portal, the virtues Prudentia and Justitia and above them the pelican. He submitted the design in October 1616, which was approved. The town hall in Nuremberg, Ernst Mummenhoff, 1891, p. 134

__________________ After Joachim Toppmann left, Leonhard Kern created the figural decoration of the north and south portals based on a design by Christoph Jamnitzer.

__________________ The figures that can be seen today are copies by Georg Leistner 1889

Executed design of the portal figures and the coat of arms cartouche, 1617 by Christoph Jamnitzer.

___________ Background: Joachim Toppmann, a single sculptor from Magdeburg, and Jörg Müller Rosa in Alsace, his apprentice, were initially commissioned by the council to create the pictorial decoration above the upper gate. They began working on it on May 13, 1616. On September 26, the first stone figure on the right side of the portal with the imperial eagle in its right hand was raised using the two crane hoists Rolla and Säusack. They were made of coarse sandstone and each weighed around 30 hundredweight. But they did not meet with the approval of the expert artists; they were instead found to be "somewhat defective." Toppmann offered to improve them, but had to be specifically encouraged to do so by the council. As late as April 3, 1617, Christoph Jamnitzer's advice was sought as to whether and what form the figures above the upper gate should take. Christoph Jamnitzer, from the famous goldsmith family of that name, a goldsmith himself but also notable as a draftsman and etcher, was repeatedly called in as an expert on technical issues relating to the construction of the town hall. He was responsible for the designs for the pictorial decoration of the middle portal, the virtues Prudentia and Justitia and above them the pelican. He submitted the design in October 1616, which was approved. The town hall in Nuremberg, Ernst Mummenhoff, 1891, p. 134

__________________ After Joachim Toppmann left, Leonhard Kern created the figural decoration of the north and south portals based on a design by Christoph Jamnitzer.

__________________ The figures that can be seen today are copies by Georg Leistner 1889

Executed design of the portal figures and the coat of arms cartouche, 1617 by Christoph Jamnitzer.

___________ Background: Joachim Toppmann, a single sculptor from Magdeburg, and Jörg Müller Rosa in Alsace, his apprentice, were initially commissioned by the council to create the pictorial decoration above the upper gate. They began working on it on May 13, 1616. On September 26, the first stone figure on the right side of the portal with the imperial eagle in its right hand was raised using the two crane hoists Rolla and Säusack. They were made of coarse sandstone and each weighed around 30 hundredweight. But they did not meet with the approval of the expert artists; they were instead found to be "somewhat defective." Toppmann offered to improve them, but had to be specifically encouraged to do so by the council. As late as April 3, 1617, Christoph Jamnitzer's advice was sought as to whether and what form the figures above the upper gate should take. Christoph Jamnitzer, from the famous goldsmith family of that name, a goldsmith himself but also notable as a draftsman and etcher, was repeatedly called in as an expert on technical issues relating to the construction of the town hall. He was responsible for the designs for the pictorial decoration of the middle portal, the virtues Prudentia and Justitia and above them the pelican. He submitted the design in October 1616, which was approved. The town hall in Nuremberg, Ernst Mummenhoff, 1891, p. 134

__________________ After Joachim Toppmann left, Leonhard Kern created the figural decoration of the north and south portals based on a design by Christoph Jamnitzer.

__________________ The figures that can be seen today are copies by Georg Leistner 1889